Antisperm Antibody Test
Antisperm antibodies may form in a male as a result of blocked efferent ducts in
the testes. This blockage results in reabsorption of sperm, which can lead to the
formation of autoantibodies to the sperm. Antisperm antibodies may also form in a
female. Thus, this test may be performed on both males and females as one part of
infertility screening.
Normal Values
Negative
Possible Meanings of Abnormal Values
Increased
Blocked efferent ducts in the testes
Infertility
Vasectomy
Interventions/Implications
Pretest
• Explain to the patient the purpose of the test and the specimen samples needed.
• No fasting is required before the test.
• If a semen sample is to be used, the male should avoid ejaculation for 3 days before the
test.
Procedure
• The preferred specimen for a male is a semen sample. Provide a plastic container for the
specimen collection.
• A 7-mL blood sample is drawn in a red-top collection tube from both the male and
female.
• Although the blood sample is the preferred test for females, a 1-mL cervical mucus specimen
may also be collected.
• Gloves are worn when handling any specimen.
Posttest
• Apply pressure at venipuncture site. Apply dressing, periodically assessing for continued
bleeding.
• Semen samples collected elsewhere must be transported to the laboratory within 2 hours
after collection.
• Label all specimens and transport it to the laboratory on dry ice.
• Report abnormal findings to the primary care provider
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