CA 19-9
Test Description
A tumor marker is a substance produced by body cells in response to the presence
of cancer. Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is an antigen that has been found elevated
in patients with tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. This test is especially
useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. CA 19-9 is neither sensitive nor specific
enough to be used for cancer screening. However, monitoring the CA 19-9 levels
can be useful in assessing the effectiveness of treatment for pancreatic cancer
and watching for cancer recurrence. The highest levels of CA 19-9 are seen in
excretory ductal pancreatic cancer. Unfortunately, by the time symptoms are present
and the CA 19-9 is elevated, the pancreatic cancer may be quite advanced.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
THE EVIDENCE FOR PRACTICE
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening
for pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic adults using abdominal palpation, ultrasonography,
or serologic markers.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Normal Values :<37 U/mL (<37 kU/L SI units)
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Possible Meanings of Abnormal Values
Increased
Cholecystitis
Cholelithiasis
Cirrhosis
Colorectal cancer
Cystic fibrosis
Gall bladder cancer
Gastric cancer
Hepatobiliary cancer
Liver disease
Lung cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatitis
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Interventions/Implications
Pretest
• Explain to the patient the purpose of the test and the need for a blood sample to be drawn.
• No fasting is required before the test.
Procedure
• A 5-mL blood sample is collected in a red-top tube.
• Gloves are worn throughout the procedure.
Posttest
• Apply pressure at venipuncture site. Apply dressing, periodically assessing for continued
bleeding.
• The sample is labeled and transported to the laboratory
• Report abnormal findings to the primary care provider.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Clinical Alerts
• Further diagnostic testing may include CT (computed tomographic) scan, ultrasound,
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography),
and/or biopsy.
A tumor marker is a substance produced by body cells in response to the presence
of cancer. Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is an antigen that has been found elevated
in patients with tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. This test is especially
useful in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. CA 19-9 is neither sensitive nor specific
enough to be used for cancer screening. However, monitoring the CA 19-9 levels
can be useful in assessing the effectiveness of treatment for pancreatic cancer
and watching for cancer recurrence. The highest levels of CA 19-9 are seen in
excretory ductal pancreatic cancer. Unfortunately, by the time symptoms are present
and the CA 19-9 is elevated, the pancreatic cancer may be quite advanced.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
THE EVIDENCE FOR PRACTICE
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening
for pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic adults using abdominal palpation, ultrasonography,
or serologic markers.
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Normal Values :<37 U/mL (<37 kU/L SI units)
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Possible Meanings of Abnormal Values
Increased
Cholecystitis
Cholelithiasis
Cirrhosis
Colorectal cancer
Cystic fibrosis
Gall bladder cancer
Gastric cancer
Hepatobiliary cancer
Liver disease
Lung cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatitis
ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Interventions/Implications
Pretest
• Explain to the patient the purpose of the test and the need for a blood sample to be drawn.
• No fasting is required before the test.
Procedure
• A 5-mL blood sample is collected in a red-top tube.
• Gloves are worn throughout the procedure.
Posttest
• Apply pressure at venipuncture site. Apply dressing, periodically assessing for continued
bleeding.
• The sample is labeled and transported to the laboratory
• Report abnormal findings to the primary care provider.
ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
Clinical Alerts
• Further diagnostic testing may include CT (computed tomographic) scan, ultrasound,
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography),
and/or biopsy.
تعليقات
إرسال تعليق