LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS



Glassware (Many Items are now Made of Plastic)
1. Flasks—are of different sizes and shapes.
a. Erlenmeyer or conical flasks—for heating and boiling liquids
conical flask

b. Volumetric flasks—are graduated for getting exact volume of liquids 
.Volumetric flasks

c. Round and flat-bottomed flasks for preparing solutions
round bottomed flask
flat bottomed flask

2. Beakers—available in different sizes 
beaker

3. Bottles
a. Specimen bottles—with top screws, e.g. the universal type containers.
specimen bottole

b. Reagent bottles—have ground glass or plastic stoppers, available in different sizes and may be
made of amber colored glass 
reagent bottole

c. Drop bottles—fitted with special tops through which drops can be delivered 
drop bottles

4. Funnels—used to hold filter papers when filtering fluids or for pouring liquids into narrow neck containers
seperating funnel

funnel
.
5. Cylinders—used for measuring liquids, they have a pouring spot 
6. Tubes—are of various sizes; of the test tube or centrifuge (conical) type, with or without a top rim

7. Pipettes—are used to measure and deliver a given
volume of fluid.












Measuring cylinder


volumetric pippet


measuring pippet

a. Volumetric pipettes—have a bulb shape in the stem. Each pipette is marked to show the given
volume of fluid, it contains or delivers 

b. Graduated pipettes—are of various sizes. They may be of the non-blow out or the blow out type.




c. Blood pipettes—have a white back and include the 0.02 mL pipette used for hemoglobin, red cell

and platelet counts, and also the 0.05 mL pipette for white cell counts 
blood pipette




d. Pasteur pipettes—have multiple uses. They are not graduated or marked. These can be bought
or made in the laboratory 
pasteur pippete

Other Necessary Equipments

Serological Water Bath

It is electrically heated and has a thermostatic temperaturer egulator. It can provide temperature ranging from roomtemperature to 100°C. Various sizes to suit various
workloads are available 
Serological water bath

Incubator
Works on electricity and regulates temperature thermostatically.Necessary for various investigations where bodytemperature 37°C (or otherwise) incubation is required
Incubator 



Hot Air Oven
This is used for drying and sterilizing glassware. This too is thermostatically controlled and electrically heated. It looks like an incubator
Hot air oven



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Anti-Parietal Cell Antibody

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